Common Online Security Risks

• Phishing attacks – fake emails, messages, or websites designed to steal login credentials or personal information.
• Malware and ransomware – malicious software that steals data, encrypts files, or holds systems hostage for payment.
• Spyware and adware – software that secretly monitors activity or displays intrusive ads without user consent.
• Password theft and reuse – weak, reused, or stolen passwords make accounts easy targets for attackers.
• Unsecured Wi‑Fi networks – public or open Wi‑Fi connections can allow eavesdropping and man‑in‑the‑middle attacks.
• Fake software updates or downloads – attackers disguise malware as legitimate system updates or installers.
• Social engineering scams – manipulative messages, phone calls, or tech support scams trick users into giving access or money.
• Outdated software and operating systems – unpatched vulnerabilities can be exploited remotely.
• Data tracking and privacy erosion – aggressive tracking by websites, advertisers, or apps compromises user privacy.